The following is a brief introduction to synchronous electric motors, mainly from three aspects: reluctance synchronous electric motors, hysteresis synchronous electric motors, and AC asynchronous electric motors.

The follow is the list

Reluctance synchronous electric motor

Hysteresis synchronous electric motor

AC asynchronous electric motor

Reluctance synchronous electric motor

Evolved from the same cage-type asynchronous electric motor, in order to make the electric motor generate asynchronous starting torque, the rotor is also equipped with cage-type cast aluminum windings. The rotor has reaction slots corresponding to the number of stator poles (only acting as salient poles, without excitation windings and permanent magnets), which are used to generate reluctance synchronous torque. According to the structure of the reaction tank on the rotor, it can be divided into inner reaction type rotor, outer reaction type rotor and inner and outer reaction type rotor. Among them, the external reaction type rotor reaction tank opens the outer circle of the rotor, so that the direct axis and the orthogonal axis are in the direction of the rotor. Air gaps vary. There are grooves in the inner reaction rotor, which block the magnetic flux in the direction of the orthogonal axis and increase the magnetic resistance. The internal and external reaction rotors combine the structural characteristics of the above two rotors, and the difference between the straight axis and the orthogonal axis is large, so that the electric motor has greater force and energy. Reluctance synchronous electric motors are further divided into single-phase capacitor operation type, single-phase capacitor start type, single-phase dual-value capacitor type and so on.

Hysteresis synchronous electric motor

Hysteresis synchronous electric motor is a synchronous electric motor that uses hysteresis material to generate hysteresis torque. It is divided into inner rotor type hysteresis synchronous electric motor, outer rotor type hysteresis synchronous electric motor and single-phase shaded pole type hysteresis synchronous electric motor. The rotor structure of the inner rotor type hysteresis synchronous electric motor is a hidden pole type, the appearance is a smooth cylinder, there is no winding on the rotor, but an annular effective layer made of hysteresis material is used on the outer ring of the rotor. core. After the stator winding is energized, the generated rotating magnetic field causes the hysteresis rotor to generate asynchronous torque and start to rotate, and then pulls into a synchronous operation state by itself. When the electric motor runs asynchronously, the rotating magnetic field of the stator repeatedly magnetizes the rotor at the slip frequency; when it runs synchronously, the hysteresis material on the rotor is magnetized, and permanent magnet poles appear, thereby generating synchronous torque.

AC asynchronous electric motor

AC asynchronous electric motors are electric electric motors that operate at leading AC voltages and are widely used in household appliances such as electric fans, refrigerators, washing machines, air conditioners, hair dryers, vacuum cleaners, range hoods, dishwashers, electric sewing machines, food processors, etc. Various electrical appliances. Tools, small electromechanical devices. The speed of the electric motor (rotor speed) is less than the speed of the rotating magnetic field, so it is called an asynchronous electric motor. It is basically the same as an induction electric motor. s=(ns-n)/ns. s is the slip, ns is the field speed, and n is the rotor speed. basic:

(1) When the three-phase asynchronous electric motor is connected to the three-phase AC power supply, the three-phase stator winding flows through the three-phase magnetomotive force (stator rotating magnetomotive force) generated by the three-phase symmetrical current and generates a rotating magnetic field.

(2) There is a relative cutting motion between the rotating magnetic field and the rotor conductor. According to the principle of electromagnetic induction, the rotor conductor generates induced electromotive force and induced current.

(3) According to the law of electromagnetic force, the current-carrying rotor conductor is subjected to electromagnetic force in the magnetic field, forming an electromagnetic torque, which drives the rotor to rotate. When there is a mechanical load on the electric motor shaft, it outputs mechanical energy.

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